Manual Torque Formulas

Just to elaborate on this subject a little, I know that these formulas work first hand. I used to use the same math back before I ever owned a torque wrench. In most situations, I would angle torque if that was an option. I still angle torque as a first option, and torque to spec only when there is no other way. Torque to spec is alright for tightening lug nuts. Angle torque bearing caps and head nuts/bolts.

KilnRed;3303 wrote: Just to elaborate on this subject a little, I know that these formulas work first hand. I used to use the same math back before I ever owned a torque wrench. In most situations, I would angle torque if that was an option. I still angle torque as a first option, and torque to spec only when there is no other way. Torque to spec is alright for tightening lug nuts. Angle torque bearing caps and head nuts/bolts.

Austin,
Just so I understand.

Torque to spec is using the formulas above.
Angle Torque is using the wrenches.

Torque to spec, as some people refer to it, is a specific value that you're trying to torque to. Angle torquing is where you turn a nut/bolt in X amount of degrees. To do this, you simply mark the hardware in a fashion that allows you to see how much you're turning it in degrees.

For torque to spec, you must use either a torque wrench or your method originally posted. Of course, you must lubricate the threads and it's advised to use new hardware every time as well. Usually it's okay to use just new nuts and washers where necessary, in my opinion. On torque-to-yield hardware, it's recommended to also change the studs however. Angle torquing is more precise, particularly where greater torquing is necessary. That's why you see it used more for critical engine components such as cylinder heads and stud girdles for the crankshaft main bearings.